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- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
- v.85(21); 1988 Nov
- PMC282295
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov; 85(21): 7852–7856.
M R Block, B S Glick, C A Wilcox, F T Wieland, and J E Rothman
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Abstract
N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) inhibits protein transport between successive compartments of the Golgi stack in a cell-free system. After inactivation of the Golgi membranes by NEM, transport can be rescued by adding back an appropriately prepared cytosol fraction. This complementation assay has allowed us to purify the NEM-sensitive factor, which we term NSF. The NEM-sensitive factor is a tetramer of 76-kDa subunits, and appears to act catalytically, one tetramer leading to the metabolism of numerous transport vesicles.
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Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
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Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences
FAQs
A vesicular transport protein, or vesicular transporter, is a membrane protein that regulates or facilitates the movement of specific molecules across a vesicle's membrane. As a result, vesicular transporters govern the concentration of molecules within a vesicle.
What is vesicular transport of transmembrane proteins? ›
The first step in vesicular transport is the formation of a vesicle by budding from the membrane. The cytoplasmic surfaces of transport vesicles are coated with proteins, and it appears to be the assembly of these protein coats that drives vesicle budding by distorting membrane conformation.
What is the vesicular transport model? ›
(B) The vesicular transport model, where each cisterna remains in one place with unchanging enzymes, and the proteins move forward through the stack via vesicles that move from earlier to later cisternae (anterograde traffic).
How are proteins transported in vesicles? ›
Correctly folded and assembled proteins in the ER are packaged into COPII-coated transport vesicles that pinch off from the ER membrane. Shortly thereafter the coat is shed and the vesicles fuse with one another to form vesicular tubular clusters, which move on microtubule tracks to the Golgi apparatus.
What are the two main types of vesicular transport? ›
There are two types of vesicle transport, endocytosis and exocytosis (illustrated in Figure below). Both processes are active transport processes, requiring energy.
Why is vesicular transport important? ›
Vesicular transport is a major biological process that transports protein molecules across different membrane-enclosed compartments. As a result, the selectivity of such transport is significant for preserving the cell's functional structure.
What do vesicular transporters do? ›
Vesicular transporters are required for the storage of neurotransmitters in synaptic vesicles (SVs) as well as large dense core vesicles (LDCVs), which also store and release peptide neurotransmitters (Fei et al., 2008).
Does vesicular transport require protein help? ›
The vesicular transport performed by both clathrin-coated and COP-coated vesicles depends on a variety of GTP-binding proteins that control both the spatial and the temporal aspects of membrane exchange. As discussed in Chapter 3, large families of GTP-binding proteins regulate diverse processes within cells.
What are the main pathways of vesicular transport? ›
The biosynthetic-secretory pathway leads outward from the ER toward the Golgi apparatus and cell surface, with a side route leading to lysosomes, while the endocytic pathway leads inward from the plasma membrane (Figure 13-3).
What is an example of a vesicular transport in the body? ›
For example, secretory vesicles in the stomach will transport protein-digesting enzymes to help break down food. Synaptic vesicles are another example of a secretory vesicle, and they are present at the end of nerve cells (neurons).
A vesicle forms when the membrane bulges out and pinches off. It travels to its destination then merges with another membrane to release its cargo. In this way proteins and other large molecules are transported without ever having to cross a membrane.
Is vesicular transport an active process? ›
Vesicle transport requires energy, so it is also a form of active transport.
What are the steps involved in vesicular transport? ›
Vesicles bud from the endoplasmic reticulum and merge to form ERGIC, which matures into the cis Golgi, then the medial Golgi, and finally the trans Golgi. Vesicles may also bud from any of these other compartments to other organelles or to the plasma membrane.
What is a protein that participates in transmembrane transport called? ›
Carrier proteins and channel proteins are the two major classes of membrane transport proteins. Carrier proteins (also called carriers, permeases, or transporters) bind the specific solute to be transported and undergo a series of conformational changes to transfer the bound solute across the membrane (Figure 11-3).
How does a vesicle export a protein out of the cell? ›
Proteins can be secreted from cells by exocytosis in either a constitutive or a regulated fashion. In the regulated pathways, molecules are stored either in secretory vesicles or synaptic vesicles, which do not fuse with the plasma membrane to release their contents until an appropriate signal is received.
What is the role of the vesicular transporters? ›
Vesicular transporters move protons (H) and neurotransmitter (NT) in opposite directions (antiport), using the high concentration of lumenal protons to drive transport. At the plasma membrane, sodium (Na) and neurotransmitters move in the same direction (symport).
What is the basic function of transport vesicles? ›
Transport vesicles help move materials, such as proteins and other molecules, from one part of a cell to another. When a cell makes proteins, transporter vesicles help move these proteins to the Golgi apparatus for further sorting and refining.
What is the main function of transport proteins? ›
Transport proteins act as doors to the cell, helping certain molecules pass back and forth across the plasma membrane, which surrounds every living cell. In passive transport molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
What is the function of the vesicular organelle? ›
Vesicles are involved in metabolism, transport, buoyancy control, and temporary storage of food and enzymes. They can also act as chemical reaction chambers.
